![]() ![]() As well, leaders of the other countries of Europe recognized Louis XVIII as the lawful leader of France.Ī provision of the Treaty of Paris was that representatives of the powers of Europe would meet again in a few months, in order to discuss a more lasting peace. Thus, other countries gained (or regained) territory. Among other things, that treaty restored France's borders to what they were in 1792, when the War of the First Coalition began. ![]() ![]() After another handful of defeats, Bonaparte abdicated the throne and representatives of the new head of state, King Louis XVIII, brought the war to a close, with the armistice that was the Treaty of Paris, signed on May 30, 1814. Bonaparte refused to do so, and the war continued. That would have moved France's borders back to where they were before the French Revolution. Among the terms of that treaty were that France relinquish all territory taken from other European powers in the past two decades. They met in February 1814, amid the last battles of the War of the Sixth Coalition, and then again on March 1, in the French city of Chaumont, to finalize the terms of the deal. Arranging the terms for and signing the former were representatives of the Sixth Coalition: Austria, Prussia, Russia, and the United Kingdom. Preceding the Congress of Vienna were two other agreements, the Treaty of Chaumont and the Treaty of Paris. The War of the Sixth Coalition was–with the exception of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte's brief return in the Hundred Days, ending at the Battle of Waterloo–the last of these wars. The ebb and flow shifted through the years, until the forces arrayed against France in 1814 proved overwhelming. Completed in 1815, it was the most comprehensive yet seen in Europe.Ī series of wars beginning in the 1790s had pitted Revolutionary France against a series of other European powers in battles of inceasingly devastating cost in both lives and money. The Congress of Vienna was an agreement between the powers of Europe to reorganize Europe geographically and politically after the Napoleonic Wars. ![]()
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